Purpose and
Decision to Start
Rhetorical Need
Motivation
Planning and management of tasks over time
|
Problem Question |
Generate Information Needs and Questions
General orientation to subject
Specific topics: events, chronology, people, issues, etc.
Identify key concepts and words |
Personal |
Documents |
Library |
Internet |
Prior
knowledge Brainstorming Clustering Outlining
Personal contacts
Interviews
Observation Notetaking
|
Letters
Reports
Maps
Organizational files and records
Brochures
Newsletters
|
Books
ALIS at Fresno State |
Periodicals Indexes and Abstracts
InfoTrac |
Reference Books Bibliographies
Encyclopedias
Biographical indexes
|
Government
Documents |
On-line
Databases |
Search tools
AltaVista Webcrawler Yahoo
Bridge Bookmarks
Useful websites
Libraries Museums Government Commercial Business Scholarly Professional Personal |
Access Research
Sources
Find and read materials
Use footnotes & bibliographies for additional leads
Revise and refine research question in light of new information |
Notes and
Records
Keep track of sources: build bibliography as you go
Take notes:
"Direct quotations"
Paraphrases
Important facts, statistics
Your comments in reaction to material
Organize as you go |
Critically
Analyze and Evaluate Information
Criteria for evaluating evidence
Pertinence to task and audience |
Organize and
Synthesize Information
Synthesizing a thesis
Selecting and apportioning developmental materials
Ciceronian organization principles:
exordium, narratio, partitio, confirmatio, confutatio, and conclusio |
Communicating results of research to others |
Essays
and Research Papers
draft, revising, rewriting, and proofreading
Scholarly citation styles and formats:
MLA, APA, Chicago, Chemistry, Biology
Tech: Using Word |
Reports
Oral reports: Using PowerPoint
Written reports: Using Word in association with
PowerPoint |
Webpages &
hyperlink essays
Links to HTML
instructional sites
Instructions for creating webpages at Fresno State |
Judging the communication product and the process
Evaluation of academic work: grading
Continuing role of information competencies in getting
university education |
